Q: What type of tests are done to determine the foetus' health?

These are called Antenatal Tests. However, it is BEST NOT TO undertake these tests without proper consultation from your doctor.

1) Triple Test

This blood test is done after 12 weeks of pregnancy.

3 blood chemicals are tested and if the levels are abnormal, they indicate the chances of getting a baby with Down's syndrome. If the risk is high, amniocentesis is recommended.

2) Amniocentesis

This test will detect Down's syndrome or spina bifida.

Your doctor will recommend this test to be done if :-

• you are above 35 where risk of chromosomal abnormalities is greatly increased.
• already have an abnormal child.
• there is family history of certain birth defects.
• during ultrasound scanning, the baby is noted to have certain birth defects.

This procedure is performed around 16 to 20 weeks of pregnancy. The doctor will take a sample of the fluid surrounding the baby in the uterus. This fluid contains cells from the baby and can be analysed for the number and structure of the chromosome.

NB: There is a slight risk of a miscarriage with this test so it should not be taken unnecessarily.

3) Chorionic villus sampling

This test will detect certain chromosome abnormalities and some other forms of genetic disorder.

The same group of mothers who qualify for amniocentesis can go for this test instead.

This procedure is performed around 8 to 10 weeks of the pregnancy. It involves taking a small sample of placental tissue. This can be done either through the abdomen or the vagina.

NB: The risk of miscarriage in chorionic villus sampling is a LITTLE HIGHER THAN in amniocentesis.

4) Ultrasound scanning

This is a test using reflected sound waves to visualise the foetus.

This will help to determine the growth, age, position, presentation and any abnormalities if any, of the baby. It can also help to locate the placenta, which is useful during amniocentesis.

Ultrasound is very safe for both mother and baby.